1。直接用mysqld手工启动
[root@ora11g bin]# ./mysqld --defaults-file=../my.cnf 140328 10:04:37 [ERROR] Fatal error: Please read "Security" section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!140328 10:04:37 [ERROR] Aborting140328 10:04:37 [Note] ./mysqld: Shutdown complete[root@ora11g bin]# ./mysqld --defaults-file=../my.cnf --user=mysql140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use InnoDB's own implementation140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.InnoDB: The log sequence number in ibdata files does not matchInnoDB: the log sequence number in the ib_logfiles!140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: Database was not shut down normally!InnoDB: Starting crash recovery.InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files...InnoDB: Restoring possible half-written data pages from the doublewriteInnoDB: buffer...140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start140328 10:04:45 InnoDB: 5.5.37 started; log sequence number 1595675140328 10:04:45 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '0.0.0.0'; port: 3306140328 10:04:45 [Note] - '0.0.0.0' resolves to '0.0.0.0';140328 10:04:45 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '0.0.0.0'.140328 10:04:45 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events140328 10:04:45 [Note] ./mysqld: ready for connections.Version: '5.5.37' socket: '/tmp/mysql.sock' port: 3306 Source distribution[root@ora11g ~]# ps -ef | grep mysqlmysql 7641 7547 1 10:04 pts/1 00:00:00 ./mysqld --defaults-file=../my.cnf --user=mysqlroot 7697 7661 0 10:05 pts/2 00:00:00 grep mysql[root@ora11g ~]#
2.安全启动
[root@ora11g bin]# ./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=../my.cnf --user=mysql &[1] 7758[root@ora11g bin]# 140328 10:13:16 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.err'.140328 10:13:16 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data[root@ora11g bin]# ps -ef | grep mysqlroot 7758 7661 0 10:13 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh ./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=../my.cnf --user=mysqlmysql 8024 7758 0 10:13 pts/2 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=../my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306root 8044 7661 0 10:13 pts/2 00:00:00 grep mysql[root@ora11g bin]#
3.用服务的方式启动
[root@ora11g support-files]# [root@ora11g support-files]# ./mysql.server startStarting MySQL [ OK ][root@ora11g support-files]# ps -ef | grep mysql root 8433 1 3 10:24 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.pidmysql 8705 8433 12 10:24 pts/2 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306root 8723 7661 0 10:24 pts/2 00:00:00 grep mysql[root@ora11g support-files]#
把mysql.server cp到 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql，再chkconfig --add mysql就ok了
[root@ora11g support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql [root@ora11g support-files]# chkconfig --add mysql[root@ora11g support-files]# chkconfig --list | grep mysqlmysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off[root@ora11g support-files]# service mysqld stopmysqld: unrecognized service[root@ora11g support-files]# service mysql stop Shutting down MySQL. [ OK ][root@ora11g support-files]# service mysql startStarting MySQL.. [ OK ][root@ora11g support-files]# ps -ef | grep mysql root 8808 1 1 10:28 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.pidmysql 9073 8808 2 10:28 pts/2 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306root 9100 7661 0 10:28 pts/2 00:00:00 grep mysql[root@ora11g support-files]#
查看mysql的启动时的参数：
[root@ora11g bin]# ./mysqld --help --verbose | less